Compositions containing solubilized, acid-enhanced antiperspirant active

ABSTRACT

Disclosed are antiperspirant compositions which comprise from about 0.1% to about 50% by weight of solubilized antiperspirant active (e.g., aluminum-containing active or aluminum-zirconium containing active); and from about 0.1% to about 99.9% by weight of a liquid polyol having at least 2 hydroxyl groups, wherein 2 hydroxyl groups are attached to the α and β carbons of the liquid polyol and no more than 4 hydroxyl groups are attached to adjacent carbon atoms; a water-soluble, neutral amino acid; and a chlorine-containing inorganic acid; wherein the liquid polyol has a ClogP value of less than about 2.0, wherein the mole ratio of the neutral amino acid to the zirconium and aluminum is from about 0.09 to about 0.24, the mole ratio of the liquid polyol to the aluminum and zirconium is at least about 2.0:1, and the mole ratio of the zirconium and aluminum to chlorine is less than about 1.30:1. These antiperspirant compositions and corresponding methods of application provide improved antiperspirant efficacy, cosmetics, and mildness, and can prepared by simpler, more efficient, manufacturing methods. These compositions can also be used as base or intermediate materials to formulate other antiperspirant product forms providing similar performance benefits.

FIELD OF INVENTION

This invention relates to anhydrous compositions comprising solubilized,acid-enhanced antiperspirant active. These compositions provide improvedmildness, cosmetics and antiperspirant efficacy as compared to manyother polyol-containing antiperspirant compositions, and can be preparedby more efficient manufacturing methods.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Polyol-containing carriers and solvents are well known for use intopical antiperspirant compositions. These carriers are most typicallyused to solubilize the antiperspirant active or as coupling agentsduring the manufacturing process. These polyol carriers are typicallyaliphatic polyhydric alcohols which have from 2 to 12 carbon atoms,examples of which include ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, butyleneglycol (1,3-butane-diol), 1,2-proplyene glycol, 1,3-propylene glycol,glycerine (1,2,3-trihydroxy propane), 2-methyl-2,4-pentane-diol(hexylene glycol), 2-ethyl-1,3-hexane-diol, 1,2,6-hexanetriol,1,2,4-butanetriol, and combinations thereof.

Polyol-containing carriers are especially useful in formulating clear ortranslucent antiperspirant compositions. These compositions aretypically anhydrous systems containing solubilized antiperspirantactive, wherein the polyol carrier is used to help solubilize the activeand in most cases provides the primary carrier material within which thesolubilized active is miscible or dispersed within.

Many polyol-containing carriers, however, can cause skin irritation whentopically applied to the underarms or other sensitive areas of the skin.This skin irritation is especially problematic when the appliedcomposition is an anhydrous system containing higher concentrations ofthe polyol carrier. These higher polyol concentrations are oftennecessary in anhydrous antiperspirant compositions to successfullycouple product gellants, structurants, thickening agents or othersimilar materials with other product carriers or solvents. This skinirritation, especially when caused by higher polyol concentrations, isespecially problematic in a small percentage of the population that isunusually sensitive to topical polyol irritation. Although this typeskin of irritation can be minimized by adding lower irritation solventssuch as mineral oil or volatile silicones, these low irritation solventsare not miscible with higher concentrations of short carbon chain,highly polar, polyol solvents, e.g., dipropylene glycol, glycerin.

One recent attempt at providing improved polyol-containing carriers foruse in antiperspirant products is described in U.S. patent applicationSer. No. 09/071,178 (Swaile et al.) filed Jul. 27, 1999. The Swaile etal. Application discloses antiperspirant compositions containing1,2-hexanediol, and the use of such compositions to provide improvedmildness, cosmetics and antiperspirant efficacy.

It has now been found that polyol-containing carriers other than1,2-hexanediol can also be selected for use in antiperspirantcompositions which provide improved mildness, cosmetics andantiperspirant efficacy, provided that the selection is limited to thoseliquid polyols having at least 2 hydroxyl groups and preferably havingat least 4 adjacent carbon atoms, wherein 2 of the hydroxyl groups areattached to the α and β carbons of the liquid polyol and no more than 4hydroxyl groups are attached to adjacent carbon atoms, and wherein theliquid polyol has a ClogP value of less than about 2.0 and the moleratio of the liquid polyol to the aluminum and zirconium is at leastabout 2.0:1.

It has also been found that the antiperspirant efficacy of theseantiperspirant compositions can be improved by the addition of awater-soluble, neutral amino acid and chlorine-containing inorganicacid, provided that within the composition the mole ratio of the neutralamino acid to the zirconium and aluminum is from about 0.09 to about0.24, the mole ratio of the liquid polyol to the aluminum and zirconiumis at least about 2.0:1, and the mole ratio of the zirconium andaluminum to chlorine is less than about 1.30:1.

Although acid activated antiperspirant actives are known in theantiperspirant art, e.g., U.S. Pat. No. 4,331,609 (Orr), the art teachesthat such acid-enhanced actives can be formulated as spray dried solidsor solubilized in an aqueous medium, but it fails to teach formulationas an anhydrous composition containing solubilized acid enhanced active.It has now been found that these acid enhanced actives can be formulatedas solubilized active in the anhydrous composition of the presentinvention. Using acid activated actives in these compositions improvesmanufacturing efficiency by relying upon acid activation rather thanheat activation of the antiperspirant active. Heat activation processesare typically more expensive and require more manufacturing steps thanacid activation processes.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The present invention is directed to anhydrous compositions comprisingacid-enhanced antiperspirant active, and corresponding methods ofapplication, which compositions comprise from about 0.1% to about 50% byweight of solubilized antiperspirant active; from about 0.1% to about99.9% by weight of a liquid polyol having at least 2 hydroxyl groups andpreferably having at least 4 adjacent carbon atoms, wherein 2 hydroxylgroups are attached to the α and β carbons of the liquid polyol and nomore than 4 hydroxyl groups are attached to adjacent carbon atoms; awater-soluble amino acid; and a chlorine-containing inorganic acid;wherein the liquid polyol has a ClogP value of less than about 2.0, themole ratio of the neutral amino acid to the zirconium and aluminum isfrom about 0.09 to about 0.24, the mole ratio of the liquid polyol tothe aluminum and zirconium is at least about 2.0:1, and the mole ratioof the zirconium and aluminum to chlorine is less than about 1.30:1.

It has been found that these anhydrous, acid-enhanced, antiperspirantcompositions, and corresponding methods of application, provide improvedantiperspirant efficacy, cosmetics, and are milder to the skin, providedthat the liquid polyol has the requisite number and arrangement ofhydroxyl groups, and provided that the liquid polyol also has a ClogPvalue of less than about 2.0 and is used in the requisite mole ratiorelative to the antiperspirant metal ions in the composition.

It has also been found that these anhydrous antiperspirant compositionscan be formulated with solubilized, acid-enhanced antiperspirant active.These acid-enhanced actives can be formulated as solubilized active inthe anhydrous composition of the present invention. Using acid activatedactives in these compositions improves manufacturing efficiency byrelying upon acid activation rather than heat activation of theantiperspirant active. Heat activation processes are typically moreexpensive and require more manufacturing steps than acid activationprocesses, prepared by more efficient manufacturing methods than manyprior art methods for making solubilized, enhanced antiperspirantactive, provided that the antiperspirant composition also contains acombination of a water-soluble amino acid and a chlorine-containinginorganic acid.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

The antiperspirant compositions of the present invention includeantiperspirant compositions in final, intermediate, or base forms, andinclude product forms such as solids or gel solid sticks, soft solids orcreams, lotions or other liquids, aerosol or pump sprays, solutions ordispersions, and so forth. These antiperspirant compositions areintended for topical application to the underarm or other suitable areaof the skin, or for formulation into topical underarm products that arelikewise intended for similar application.

The term "anhydrous" as used herein, unless otherwise specified,characterizes the water content of the compositions and correspondingingredients of the present invention, and means that these compositionsand ingredients so characterized contain contain less than about 20%,more preferably less than about 10%, even more preferably less thanabout 5%, by weight of water.

The term "ambient conditions" as used herein refers to surroundingconditions under about one atmosphere of pressure, at about 50% relativehumidity, and at about 25° C.

The term "volatile" as used herein refers to those materials which havea measurable vapor pressure as measured at 25° C. Such vapor pressureswill typically range from about 0.01 mmHg to about 6 mmHg, moretypically from about 0.02 mmHg to about 1.5 mmHg, and have an averageboiling point at one atmosphere of pressure (1 atm) typically less thanabout 250° C., more typically less than about 235° C., at 1 atmosphere(atm) of pressure.

The term "aluminum and zirconium" as used herein, unless otherwisespecified, means aluminum, or it means the combination of aluminum andzirconium in those embodiments optionally containing zirconium.

The term "metal" as used herein, unless otherwise specified, means thecombination of aluminum and optional zirconium in the anhydrouscomposition of the present invention.

All percentages, parts and ratios as used herein are by weight of thetotal composition, unless otherwise specified. All such weights as theypertain to listed ingredients are based on the active level and,therefore, do not include solvents or by-products that may be includedin commercially available materials, unless otherwise specified.

The antiperspirant compositions and corresponding methods of applicationof the present invention can comprise, consist of, or consistessentially of the essential elements and limitations of the inventiondescribed herein, as well as any of the additional or optionalingredients, components, or limitations described herein.

Selected Polyols

The antiperspirant compositions of the present invention comprisesselected polyols for solubilizing or helping to solubilize theantiperspirant active material in the composition. The antiperspirantcomposition comprises from about 0.1% to about 99.9%, preferably fromabout 5% to about 80%, more preferably from about 10% to about 60%, byweight of the selected liquid polyols.

The selected liquid polyols for use in the antiperspirant composition ofthe present invention have 2 or more hydroxyl groups with 2 of thehydroxyl groups attached to the α and β carbons of the liquid polyol,and no more than 4 adjacent hydroxyl groups. The selected polyolspreferably have from about 3 to about 8, more preferably from about 4 toabout 10 adjacent carbon atoms, and preferably having either 2 or 3hydroxyl groups in total.

The selected liquid polyols for use in the antiperspirant compositionsof the present invention must be formulated into the composition so thatthe resulting mole ratio of the selected liquid polyols to thecombination of zirconium and aluminum ions is at least about 2.0,preferably at least about 2.5, most preferably at least about 3.0. Ithas been found that the concentration of antiperspirant activesolubilized into the liquid polyols is dependent upon this mole ratio ofthe selected 1,2-diols to antiperspirant metal ions (zirconium andaluminum). Solutions with a mole ratio of selected polyols toantiperspirant metal ions of less than about 2.0 are unstable and willeasily precipitate during the manufacturing process or during storage,so that the maximum concentration of active that can be used to make astable solution is dependent upon the molecular weight of the selectedpolyol solvent, the number of 1,2 diol functional groups per molecule,and the aluminum to zirconium ratio making up the active.

The selected polyols for use in the antiperspirant compositions of thepresent invention must also have a ClogP value of less than about 2.0,preferably from about -4.0 to about 2.0, more preferably from about -4.0to about 1.0, even more preferably from about -2.0 to about 1.0, evenmore preferably from about -1.0 to about 0.5. It has been found that theselection of the liquid polyols as defined by ClogP values provides theselected polyol with optimal active release characteristics at theappropriate time after topical application to the underarm. It has beenfound that the active release characteristics such as that provided bythe selected polyols helps provide the composition with improvedantiperspirant efficacy.

The ClogP value (calculated logP) as used herein helps define selectionof the liquid polyol component of the present invention. For purposes ofdefining and selecting the appropriate liquid polyol, the ClogP valuesare calculated for each liquid polyol by the Pamona Med Chem/Daylight"CLOGP" program, Version 4.42, available from Biobyte Corporation,Claremont, Calif. Other suitable methods for determining ClogP valuesinclude the fragment approach described by Hansch and Leo (cf., A. Leo,in Comprehensive Medicinal Chemistry, Vol. 4, C. Hansch, P. G. Sammens,J. B. Taylor and C. A. Ramsden, Eds., p. 295, Pergamon Press, 1990),which description is incorporated herein by reference. Still othersuitable methods are described or provided by Daylight InformationSystems, Mission Viejo, California, Daylight V4.61, Algorithm: V3.05,Database: V16. General information pertaining to ClogP values andmethodologies are described in Chemical Reviews, 93(4), 1993, 1281-1306,which description is also incorporated herein by reference.

Suitable liquid polyols for use herein include any polyol material thatis liquid under ambient conditions, or which is otherwise in liquid formwithin the selected composition, and has the requisite number andarrangement of hydroxyl groups and has the requisite ClogP value asdefined herein.

Generally, the preferred polyols for selection and use in thecomposition of the present invention include alkyl diols, glycerolethers and other polyol liquids, which correspond to the formula:##STR1## wherein the preferred polyols must have the requisite ClogP andhydroxyl group arrangement as described herein for all selected polyols,and wherein R is an alkyl (C2 or higher), ether, ester, amine orcombination thereof. The R group cannot be hydrogen, methyl orhydroxyethyl. The R group can be substituted or unsubstituted, branchedor straight or cyclic, saturated or unsaturated. The R group ispreferably an alkyl group having from 2 to 6 carbon atoms, or anysubstituted group having 4 or more carbon atoms (e.g., hydroxysubstituted, ethoxylates, propoxylates). Non limiting examples ofsuitable substituents include hydroxyl groups, amines, amides, esters,ethers, alkoxylate groups (e.g., ethoxylates, propoxylates, etc.) and soforth.

Preferred alkyl diols and polyols for selection and use in thecomposition of the present invention include those which correspond tothe formula: ##STR2## wherein the alkyl diol and polyol liquids musthave the requisite ClogP and hydroxyl group arrangement as describedherein for all selected polyols, and wherein R₁ is a substituted orunsubstituted, branched or straight or cyclic, saturated or unsaturated,hydrocarbon moiety. R₁ is preferably a methyl group or an alkyl grouphaving from 3 to 5 carbon atoms, or any substituted group having 3 ormore carbon atoms (e.g., hydroxy substituted, polyethoxylates,polypropoxylates). Non limiting examples of suitable substituentsinclude hydroxyl groups, amines, amides, esters, ethers, alkoxylategroups (e.g., ethoxylates, propoxylates, etc.) and so forth.

Examples of suitable alkyl diols, and their corresponding ClogP values,for use in the composition include 1,2-butanediol (-0.53),1,2-pentanediol (0.0), 4-methyl-1,2-pentanediol (0.397),2-methyl-1,2-pentanediol (0.399), 3,3-methyl-1,2-butanediol (0.267),4-methyl-1,2-hexanediol (0.926), 1,2-heptanediol (1.056),3-phenyl-1,2-propanediol (0.508), and combinations thereof.

Preferred glycerol ether liquids for selection and use in thecomposition of the present invention include those which correspond tothe formula: ##STR3## wherein the glycerol ether liquids must have therequisite ClogP and hydroxyl group arrangement as described herein forall selected polyols, and wherein R₂ is a substituted or unsubstituted,branched or straight or cyclic, saturated or unsaturated, hydrocarbonmoiety. The R₂ group is preferably selected from alkyl groups havingfrom 1 to 5 carbon atoms, or substituted groups containing 2 or morecarbon atoms (e.g., hydroxy substituted, ethoxylates, propoxylates). Nonlimiting examples of suitable substituents include hydroxyl groups,amines, amides, esters, ethers, alkoxylate groups (e.g., ethoxylates,propoxylates, etc.) and so forth.

Suitable glycerol ethers and their respective ClogP values includeglycerol isopropyl ether (-0.51), glycerol propyl ether (-0.73),glycerol ethyl ether (-1.04), glycerol methyl ether (-1.57), glycerolbutyl ether (0.01), glycerol isopentyl ether (0.41), diglycerolisopropyl ether (-1.49), diglycerol isobutyl ether (-0.96), diglycerol(-2.95), triglycerol (-3.71), triglycerol isopropyl ether (-2.25), andcombinations thereof.

Other suitable polyol liquids and their respective ClogP values includeacetic acid glycerol ester (-1.30), propanoic acid glycerol ester(-0.77), butanoic acid glycerol ester (-0.24), 3-methyl butanoic acidglycerol ester (0.16) and 3-trimethylsily-1,2-propane diol (0.56) andcombinations thereof.

Other preferred polyols include 1,2,6-hexanetriol; 1,2-hexandiol;1,2,4-butanetriol; propylene glycol; glycerine; ethylene glycol; andcombinations thereof, more preferably 1,2-hexanediol.

These selected polyols are formulated into the antiperspirantcomposition alone or preferably in combination with one or more otherliquid carriers, examples of such other liquid carriers include anyknown or otherwise effective carrier liquid suitable for topicalapplication to the skin which is also compatible with the solubilizedantiperspirant active component of the composition. Such other optionalliquid carriers are preferably anhydrous.

Solubilized Antiperspirant Active

The antiperspirant compositions of the present invention comprise fromabout 0.1% to about 50% by weight of a solubilized antiperspirant activesuitable for application to human skin. The concentration ofantiperspirant active in the composition should be sufficient to providethe finished antiperspirant product with the desired perspirationwetness and odor control.

The antiperspirant compositions of the present invention preferablycomprise, or provide finished product that comprises, solubilizedantiperspirant active at concentrations of from about 0.1% to about 35%,preferably from about 3% to about 20%, even more preferably from about4% to about 19%, by weight of the composition. All such weightpercentages are calculated on an anhydrous metal salt basis exclusive ofwater and any complexing or buffering agent, including any water-solubleamino acids as described herein, e.g., glycine.

The solubilized antiperspirant active for use in the antiperspirantcompositions of the present invention include any compound, compositionor other material having antiperspirant activity. Preferredantiperspirant actives include astringent metallic salts, especially theinorganic and organic salts of aluminum, zirconium and zinc, as well asmixtures thereof. Particularly preferred are the aluminum and zirconiumsalts, such as aluminum halides, aluminum chlorohydrate, aluminumhydroxyhalides, zirconyl oxyhalides, zirconyl hydroxyhalides, andmixtures thereof.

Preferred aluminum salts for use in the antiperspirant compositionsinclude those which conform to the formula:

    Al.sup.2 (OH).sub.a Cl.sub.b ·xH.sub.2 O

wherein a is from about 2 to about 5; the sum of a and b is about 6; xis from about 1 to about 6; and wherein a, b, and x may have non-integervalues. Particularly preferred are the aluminum chlorhydroxides referredto as "5/6 basic chlorhydroxide", wherein a=5, and "2/3 basicchlorhydroxide", wherein a=4. Processes for preparing aluminum salts aredisclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 3,887,692, Gilman, issued Jun. 3, 1975; U.S.Pat. No. 3,904,741, Jones et al., issued Sep. 9, 1975; U.S. Pat. No.4,359,456, Gosling et al., issued Nov. 16, 1982; and British PatentSpecification 2,048,229, Fitzgerald et al., published Dec. 10, 1980, allof which are incorporated herein by reference. Mixtures of aluminumsalts are described in British Patent Specification 1,347,950, Shin etal., published Feb. 27, 1974, which description is also incorporatedherein by reference.

Preferred zirconium salts for use in the antiperspirant compositionsinclude those which conform to the formula:

    ZrO(OH).sub.2-a Cl.sub.a ·xH.sub.2 O

wherein a is any number having a value of from about 0 to about 2; x isfrom about 1 to about 7; and wherein a and x may both have non-integervalues. These zirconium salts are described in Belgian Patent 825,146,Schmitz, issued Aug. 4, 1975, which description is incorporated hereinby reference. Particularly preferred zirconium salts are those complexeswhich additionally contain aluminum and glycine, one of thewater-soluble neutral amino acids described herein, commonly known asZAG complexes. These ZAG complexes contain aluminum chlorhydroxide andzirconyl hydroxy chloride conforming to the above described formulas.Such ZAG complexes are described in U.S. Pat. No. 3,679,068, Luedders etal., issued Feb. 12, 1974; Great Britain Patent Application 2,144,992,Callaghan et al., published Mar. 20, 1985; and U.S. Pat. No. 4,120,948,Shelton, issued Oct. 17, 1978, all of which are incorporated herein byreference.

It has been found that the anhydrous antiperspirant compositions of thepresent invention, which all contain solubilized antiperspirant active,provide good application and aesthetic characteristics, and relative toother solubilized active compositions, are typically less sticky duringor after application and are milder to the skin. It has also been foundthat solutions of solubilized antiperspirant active and the selectedpolyol as defined herein are more compatible with nonpolar solvents,even when the latter is used at higher concentrations. This now allowsfor the formulation of clear or translucent antiperspirant compositionscontaining nonpolar solvents such as volatile and nonvolatile silicones.

Acid Activation

The anhydrous antiperspirant compositions of the present inventioncomprise a combination of a water-soluble, neutral amino acid and achlorine-containing inorganic acid.

Neutral, water-soluble amino acids for use in the composition of thepresent invention are those which contain an equal number of amino andcarboxyl groups (e.g., neutral charge) and which are readily soluble inwater, e.g. water solublity of greater than about 0.2 grams/ml.Preferred neutral, water-soluble amino acids are alanine, β-alanine,methionine, tryptophan, β-phenylalanine, serine, valine, glycine,2-amino-butyric acid, and combinations thereof. Most preferred isglycine.

The neutral, water-soluble amino acid is preferably added to theanhydrous composition of the present invention such that the molar ratioof the neutral amino acid to total metal (zirconium and aluminum) in thecomposition is from about 0.09 to about 0.24, more preferably from about0.13 to about 0.20. The neutral amino acid forms a soluble complex withthe antiperspirant active metals (zirconium and aluminum) in thecomposition.

The chlorine-containing inorganic acids are added at variedconcentrations and amounts depending upon the other ingredients in thecomposition. All of these concentrations and amounts, however, muststill provide the composition with a mole ratio of the total metal(zirconium and aluminum) to chlorine of less than about 1.30, preferablyfrom about 0.80 to about 1.30, even more preferably from about 1.0 toabout 1.30. This range of metal to chlorine molar ratios is important informulating the anhydrous compositions of the present invention because,when the composition is formulated and applied topically in its finalproduct form, molar ratios above about 1.30 can result in reducedantiperspirant efficacy and molar ratios below about 0.8 can result inexcessive skin irritation. Preferred chlorine-containing inorganic acidsfor use in the composition of the present invention include hydrochloricacid, aluminum chloride, and combinations thereof.

Optional Ingredients

The antiperspirant compositions of the present invention may furthercomprise one or more optional components which may modify the physical,chemical, cosmetic or aesthetic characteristics of the compositions orserve as additional "active" components when deposited on the skin. Thecompositions may also further comprise optional inert ingredients. Manysuch optional ingredients are known for use in deodorants,antiperspirants or other personal care compositions, and may also beused in the antiperspirant compositions herein, provided that suchoptional materials are compatible with the essential materials describedherein, or do not otherwise unduly impair product performance.

Nonlimiting examples of optional ingredients suitable for use in theantiperspirant compositions herein include pH buffering agents; othersolid or liquid carriers; emollients; humectants; soothing agents;wash-off aids; residue masking agents; dyes and pigments; medicaments;baking soda and related materials; preservatives; and so forth.

Optional Liquid Carriers

In addition to the selected polyol liquids described herein, theantiperspirant composition preferably further comprises one or moreoptional liquid carriers suitable for topical application andappropriate for the product form desired. Such other optional carriersinclude any known or otherwise effective liquid carrier material for usein antiperspirants, deodorants or other topical compositions. In theevent that the optional liquid carrier is not readily miscible ordispersible in the selected polyol liquid or with other optionalcarriers in the composition, then other liquid carriers or couplingagents may be added to the composition to bring the selected polyolliquid and other immiscible or nondispersible materials (e.g., nonpolarsolvents) into a homogenous solution or dispersion.

Optional liquid carriers include any topically safe and effectiveorganic or silicone-containing, volatile or non-volatile, polar ornon-polar carrier liquid, provided that the resulting combination ofcarrier materials forms a solution or other homogenous liquid or liquiddispersion at the selected processing temperature of the composition, orwhich otherwise form a clear or translucent emulsion or suspension.Processing temperatures for the antiperspirant compositions typicallyrange from about 28° C. to about 250° C., more typically from about 28°C. to about 110° C., and even more typically from about 28° C. to about100° C. Examples of suitable optional carrier liquids, and otheroptional ingredients suitable for use herein, are described in U.S. Pat.Nos. 5,902,570 (Bretzler et al.); 5,750,096 (Guskey); and 5,916,546(Sawin et al.), which descriptions are incorporated herein by reference.

Preferred optional carrier liquids include volatile silicones incombination with the selected polyol liquid. The concentration of thevolatile silicone preferably ranges from about 10% to about 90%, morepreferably from about 15% to about 65%, by weight of the antiperspirantcomposition. These volatile silicone carriers may be cyclic, linear orbranched chain silicones having the requisite volatility defined herein.Nonlimiting examples of suitable volatile silicones are described inTodd et al., "Volatile Silicone Fluids for Cosmetics", Cosmetics andToiletries, 91:27-32 (1976), which descriptions are incorporated hereinby reference. Preferred among these volatile silicones are the cyclicsilicones having from about 3 to about 7, more preferably from about 4to about 5, silicon atoms. Most preferably are those which conform tothe formula: ##STR4## wherein n is from about 3 to about 7, preferablyfrom about 4 to about 5, most preferably 5. These volatile cyclicsilicones generally have a viscosity value of less than about 10centistokes. All viscosity values described herein are measured ordetermined under ambient conditions, unless otherwise specified.Suitable volatile silicones for use herein include, but are not limitedto, Cyclomethicone D-5 (commercially available from G. E. Silicones);Dow Corningy 344, and Dow Corning 345 (commercially available from DowCorning Corp.); GE 7207, GE 7158 and Silicone Fluids SF-1202 and SF-1173(available from General Electric Co.); SWS-03314, SWS-03400, F-222,F-223, F-250, F-251 (available from SWS Silicones Corp.); VolatileSilicones 7158, 7207, 7349 (available from Union Carbide); Masil SF-V(available from Mazer) and combinations thereof.

Other optional liquid carriers may also include a non-volatile, solid orliquid, silicone carrier. These non-volatile silicone carriers arepreferably liquids, and are preferably linear silicones which include,but are not limited to, those which conform to either of the formulas:##STR5## wherein n is greater than or equal to 1. These linear siliconematerials will generally have viscosity values of up to about 100,000centistoke, preferably less than about 500 centistoke, more preferablyfrom about 1 centistoke to about 200 centistoke, even more preferablyfrom about 1 centistoke to about 50 centistoke, as measured underambient conditions. Examples of non-volatile, linear silicones suitablefor use in the antiperspirant compositions include, but are not limitedto, Dow Corning 200, hexamethyldisiloxane, Rhodorsil Oils 70047available from Rhone-Poulenc, Masil SF Fluid available from Mazer, DowComing 225, Dow Corning 1732, Dow Coming 5732, Dow Coming 5750(available from Dow Coming Corp.); SF-96, SF-1066 and SF18(350) SiliconeFluids (available from G.E. Silicones); Velvasil and Viscasil (availablefrom General Electric Co.); and Silicone L-45, Silicone L530, SiliconeL-531 (available from Union Carbide), and Siloxane F-221 and SiliconeFluid SWS-101 (available from SWS Silicones).

The antiperspirant composition preferably comprises a combination ofvolatile and nonvolatile silicone materials, more preferably acombination of volatile and nonvolatile silicone carrier liquids.Nonlimiting examples of suitable combinations of such silicone materialsare described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,156,834 (Beckmeyer et al.), whichdescriptions are incorporated herein by reference.

Other optional carriers for use in combination with the selected polyolliquid may also include mono and polyhydric alcohols, fatty acids,esters of mono and dibasic carboxylic acids with mono and polyhydricalcohols, polyoxyethylenes, polyoxypropylenes, polyalkoxylates ethers ofalcohols, and combinations thereof. Preferably such optional liquidcarriers are also water-immiscible liquids under ambient conditions.Other suitable water-immiscible, polar organic liquid carriers orsolvents for use in combination with the selected polyol liquid aredescribed in Cosmetics, Science, and Technology, Vol. 1, 27-104, editedby Balsam and Sagarin (1972); U.S. Pat. No. 4,202,879 issued to Sheltonon May 13, 1980; and U.S. Pat. No. 4,816,261 issued to Luebbe et al. onMar. 28, 1989, which descriptions are incorporated herein by reference.

Other optional liquid carriers for use in combination with the selectedpolyol liquid include anhydrous, water-miscible, polar organic liquidcarriers or solvents, examples of which include short chain alcoholssuch as ethanol and glycol solvents such as propylene glycol, hexyleneglyol, dipropylene glycol, tripropylene glycol, and so forth. Othersuitable similar solvents also include polyalkoxylated carriers such aspolyethylene glycols, polypropylene glycols, combinations andderivatives thereof, and so forth. Nonlimiting examples of polarsolvents suitable for use herein are described in U.S. Pat. No.5,429,816, which description is incorporated herein by reference. Othersuitable polar solvents include phthalate co-solvents, benzoateco-solvents, cinnamate esters, secondary alcohols, benzyl acetate,phenyl alkane and combinations thereof.

Optional liquid carriers for use in combination with the selected polyolliquid may also include non-polar carriers such as mineral oil,petrolatum, isohexadecane, isododecane, various hydrocarbon oils such asthe Isopar or Norpar series available from Exxon Corp. or Permethylseries available from Persperse, and the Soltrol series available fromPhillips Chemical, and any other polar or non-polar, water-miscible,organic carrier liquid or solvent known or otherwise safe and effectivefor topical application to human skin.

Optional Suspending or Thickening Agent

The antiperspirant compositions of the present invention may furthercomprise a suspending or thickening agent to help provide thecomposition with the desired viscosity or product hardness, or tootherwise help suspend any dispersed solids or liquids within thecomposition. Suitable suspending or thickening agents include anymaterial known or otherwise effective in providing suspending orthickening properties to the composition, or which otherwise providestructure to the final product form. These suspending or thickeningagents include gelling agents, and polymeric or nonpolymeric orinorganic thickening or viscosifying agents. Such materials will mosttypically include organic solids, silicone solids, crystalline or othergellants, inorganic particulates such as clays or silicas, orcombinations thereof.

The concentration and type of optional suspending or thickening agentselected for use in the antiperspirant composition will vary dependingupon the desired product form, viscosity, and hardness. For mostsuspending or thickening agents suitable for optional use herein, theconcentration of such suspending or thickening agents will mosttypically range from about 0.1% to about 35%, more typically from about0.1% to about 20%, by weight of the composition.

Suitable gelling agents for use as optional suspending or thickeningagents in the antiperspirant composition include, but are not limitedto, fatty acid gellants, hydroxy acid gellants, esters and amides offatty acid or hydroxy fatty acid gellants, cholesterolic materials,dibenzylidene alditols, lanolinolic materials, and other amide andpolyamide gellants.

Suitable gelling agents include fatty alcohols having from about 8 toabout 40 carbon atoms, preferably from 8 to about 30 carbon atoms, morepreferably from about 12 to about 18 carbon atoms. These gelling agentsare wax-like materials which are most typically used at concentrationsranging from about 1% to about 25%, preferably from about 5% to about20%, most preferably from about 10% to about 20%, by weight of theantiperspirant composition. Preferred are cetyl alcohol, myristylalcohol, stearyl alcohol and combinations thereof, more preferablystearyl alcohol.

Other suitable gelling agents include waxes or wax-like materials havinga melt point of above 65° C., more typically from about 65° C. to about130° C., examples of which include, but are not limited to, waxes suchas beeswax, camauba, baysberry, candelilla, montan, ozokerite, ceresin,hydrogenated castor oil (castor wax), synthetic waxes, microcrystallinewaxes. Castor wax is preferred within this group. Other high meltingpoint waxes are described in U.S. Pat. No. 4,049,792, Elsnau, issuedSeptember 20, 1977, which description is incorporated herein byreference.

Other suitable gelling agents include fatty acid gellants such as fattyacid and hydroxy or alpha hydroxy fatty acids, having from about 10 toabout 40 carbon atoms, and esters and amides of such gelling agents.Nonlimiting examples such gelling agents include 12-hydroxystearic acid,12-hydroxylauric acid, 16-hydroxyhexadecanoic acid, behenic acid, eurcicacid, stearic acid, caprylic acid, lauric acid, isostearic acid, andcombinations thereof. Preferred are esters of 12-hydroxystearic acid,amides of 12-hydroxystearic acid and combinations thereof, and all othergelling agents which correspond to the following formula: ##STR6##wherein R₁ is OR₂, NR₂ R₃, or a silicone containing moiety; and R₂ andR₃ are hydrogen, or an alkyl, aryl, or arylalkyl radical which isbranched linear or cyclic and has from about 1 to about 22 carbon atoms;preferably, from about 1 to about 18 carbon atoms. R₂ and R₃ may beeither the same or different; however, at least one is preferably ahydrogen atom. Preferred among these gellants are those selected fromthe group consisting of 12-hydroxystearic acid methyl ester,12-hydroxystearic acid ethyl ester, 12-hydroxystearic acid stearylester, 12-hydroxystearic acid benzyl ester, 12-hydroxystearic acidamide, isopropyl amide of 12-hydroxystearic acid, butyl amide of12-hydroxystearic acid, benzyl amide of 12-hydroxystearic acid, phenylamide of 12-hydroxystearic acid, t-butyl amide of 12-hydroxystearicacid, cyclohexyl amide of 12-hydroxystearic acid, 1-adamantyl amide of12-hydroxystearic acid, 2-adamantyl amide of 12-hydroxystearic acid,diisopropyl amide of 12-hydroxystearic acid, and mixtures thereof; evenmore preferably, 12-hydroxystearic acid, isopropyl amide of12-hydroxystearic acid, and combinations thereof.

Suitable amide gellants include disubstituted or branched monoamidegellants, monosubstituted or branched diamide gellants, triamidegellants, and combinations thereof, including n-acyl amino acidderivatives such as n-acyl amino acid amides, n-acyl amino acid estersprepared from glutamic acid, lysine, glutamine, apartic acid, andcombinations thereof. Other suitable amide gelling agents are describedin U.S. Pat. No. 5,429,816, issued Jul. 4, 1995, and U.S. patentapplication Ser. No. 08/771,183, filed Dec. 20, 1996, which descriptionsare incorporated herein by reference. Concentrations of all such gellingagents preferably range from about 0.1% to about 25%, preferably of fromabout 1% to about 15%, more preferably from about 1% to about 10%, byweight of the antiperspirant composition.

Other suitable gelling agents include triglyceride gellant systems whichcomprise glyceryl tribehenate and other triglycerides, wherein at leastabout 75%, preferably about 100%, of the esterified fatty acid moietiesof said other triglycerides each have from about 18 to about 36 carbonatoms, and wherein the mole ratio of glyceryl tribehenate to said othertriglycerides is from about 20:1 to about 1:1, preferably from about10:1 to about 3:1, more preferably from about 6:1 to about 4:1. Theesterified fatty acid moieties may be saturated or unsaturated,substituted or unsubstituted, linear or branched, but are preferablylinear, saturated, unsubstituted ester moieties derived from fatty acidmaterials having from about 18 to about 36 carbon atoms. Thetriglyceride gellant material preferably has a melting point of at lessthan about 110° C., preferably between about 50° C. and 110° C.

Preferred concentrations of the above-described triglyceride gellantsystems range from about 0.1% to about 20%, more preferably from about0.5% to about 15%, by weight of the antiperspirant composition. Forroll-on formulations having a penetration force value of from about 20gram-force to about 100 gram. force, triglyceride concentrationspreferably range from about 1% to about 5% by weight of theantiperspirant composition. For other cream formulations, includingthose formulations suitable for use in cream applicator devices, whichhave a penetration force value of from about 100 gram-force to about 500gram-force, triglyceride concentrations preferably range from about 4%to about 20%, more preferably from about 4% to about 10%, by weight ofthe antiperspirant composition. Specific examples of triglyceridegelling agents for use in the antiperspirant compositions that arecommercially available include, but are not limited to, tristearin,hydrogenated vegetable oil, trihydroxysterin (Thixcin® R, available fromRheox, Inc.), rape seed oil, castor wax, fish oils, tripalmiten,Syncrowax® HRC and Syncrowax® HGL-C (Syncrowax® available from Croda,Inc.).

Other suitable suspending or thickening agents for use in theantiperspirant composition include particulate suspending or thickeningagents such as clays and colloidal pyrogenic silica pigments. Otherknown or otherwise effective particulate suspending or thickening agentscan likewise be used in the antiperspirant composition. Concentrationsof optional particulate thickening agents preferably range from about0.001% to about 15%, more preferably from about 1% to about 15%, evenmore preferably from about 1% to about 8%, by weight of the composition.Colloidal pyrogenic silica pigments are preferred, a common example ofwhich includes Cab-O-Sil®, a submicroscopic particulated pyrogenicsilica.

Suitable clay suspending or thickening agents include montmorilloniteclays, examples of which include bentonites, hectorites, and colloidalmagnesium aluminum silicates. These and other suitable clay suspendingagents are preferably hydrophobically treated, and when so treated willgenerally be used in combination with a clay activator. Nonlimitingexamples of suitable clay activators include propylene carbonate,ethanol, and combinations thereof. The amount of clay activator willtypically range from about 25% to about 75% by weight of the clay, moretypically from about 40% to about 60% by weight of the clay.

Optional Deodorant Active and Fragrance

The antiperspirant compositions of the present invention may furthercomprise a deodorant active, fragrance or combination thereof atconcentrations ranging from about 0.001% to about 50%, preferably fromabout 0.01% to about 20%, more preferably from about 0.1% to about 10%,by weight of the composition. These deodorant actives and perfumes maybe used in addition to or in place of some or all of the antiperspirantactive material, and include any known or otherwise safe and effectivedeodorant or fragrance suitable for topical application to human skin.

Deodorant actives suitable for use in the composition of the presentinvention includes any topical material that is known for or isotherwise effective in preventing or eliminating malodor associated withperspiration, other than those active materials described hereinbefore.These deodorant actives are typically antimicrobial agents (e.g.,bacteriocides, fungicides), malodor-absorbing material, or combinationsthereof.

Preferred deodorant actives are antimicrobial agents, Nonlimitingexamples of which include cetyltrimethylammonium bromide, cetylpyridinium chloride, benzethonium chloride, diisobutyl phenoxy ethoxyethyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride, sodium N-lauryl sarcosine,sodium N-palmethyl sarcosine, lauroyl sarcosine, N-myristoyl glycine,potassium N-lauryl sarcosine, trimethyl ammonium chloride, sodiumaluminum chlorohydroxy lactate, triethyl citrate, tricetylmethylammonium chloride, 2,4,4'-trichlorio-2'-hydroxy diphenyl ether,3,4,4'-trichlorocarbanilide, diaminoalkyl amides such as L-lysinehexadecyl amide, heavy metal salts of citrate, salicylate, andpiroctose, especially zinc salts, and acids thereof, heavy metal saltsof pyrithione, especially zinc pyrithione, zinc phenolsulfate, farnesol,and combinations thereof.

Other optional deodorant actives include odor-absorbing materials suchas carbonate and bicarbonate salts, including alkali metal carbonatesand bicarbonates, ammonium and tetraalkylammonium Preferred are sodiumand potassium salts of such odor-absorbing materials.

The antiperspirant composition of the present invention may optionallycomprise fragrances suitable for use in a topical composition, andincludes any topical material that is known for or is otherwiseeffective in masking malodor associated with perspiration, or whichotherwise provides the composition with the desired perfumed aroma.These fragrances include any perfume or perfume chemical suitable fortopical application to the skin.

The concentration of the optional fragrance should be effective toprovide the desired aroma characteristics or to mask malodor, whereinthe malodor is inherently associated with the composition itself or isassociated with malodor development from human perspiration. Also, thefragrance and whatever carriers accompany it preferably do not impartexcessive stinging to the skin, especially broken or irritated skin, atthe levels previously disclosed. The fragrance will typically be in theform of water insoluble perfumes that are solubilized in the matrix ofthe composition.

Fragrances are made by those skilled in the art in a wide variety offragrances and strengths. Typical fragrances are described in Arctander,Perfume and Flavour Chemicals (Aroma Chemicals), Vol. I and II (1969);and Arctander, Perfume and Flavour Materials of Natural Origin (1960).U.S. Pat. No. 4,322,308 and U.S. Pat. No. 4,304,679, both incorporatedherein by reference, disclose fragrance components as generallyincluding, but are not limited to, volatile phenolic substances (such asiso-amyl salicylate, benzyl salicylate, and thyme oil red); essence oils(such as geranium oil, patchouli oil, and petitgrain oil); citrus oils;extracts and resins (such as benzoin siam resinoid and opoponaxresinoid); "synthetic" oils (such as Bergamot 37 and 430, Geranium 76and Pomeransol 314); aldehydes and ketones (such as B-methyl naphthylketone, p-t-butyl-A-methyl hydrocinnamic aldehyde and p-t-amylcyclohexanone); polycyclic compounds (such as coumarin and β-naphthylmethyl ether); esters (such as diethyl phthalate, phenylethylphenylacetate, non-annelid-1:4). Fragrances also include esters andessential oils derived from floral materials and fruits, citrus oils,absolutes, aldehydes, resinoides, musk and other animal notes (e.g.,natural isolates of civet, castoreum and musk), balsamic, etc. andalcohols (such as dimyrcetol, phenylethyl alcohol and tetrahydromuguol).Examples of such components useful in fragrances herein include decylaldehyde, undecyl aldehyde, undecylenic aldehyde, lauric aldehyde, amylcinnamic aldehyde, ethyl methyl phenyl glycidate, methyl nonylacetaldehyde, myristic aldehyde, nonalactone, nonyl aldehyde, octylaldehyde, undecalactone, hexyl cinnamic aldehyde, benzaldehyde,vanillin, heliotropine, camphor, para-hydroxy phenolbutanone, 6-acetyl1,1,3,4,4,6 hexamethyl tetrahydronaphthalene, alpha-methyl ionone,gamma-methyl ionone, and amyl-cyclohexanone and mixtures of thesecomponents.

Other suitable but optional fragrances are those which mask or help tomask odors associated with perspiration (hereinafter referred to as odormasking fragrances), some nonlimiting examples of which are described inU.S. Pat. No. 5,554,588, U.S. Pat. No. 4,278,658, U.S. Pat. No.5,501,805, and EP Patent Application 684 037 A1, all of which areincorporated herein by reference in their entirety. Preferred odormasking fragrances are those which have a Deodorant Value of at leastabout 0.25, more preferably from about 0.25 to about 3.5, even morepreferably from about 0.9 to about 3.5, as measured by the DeodorantValue Test described in EP Patent Application 684 037 A1.

The optional fragrance may also contain solubilizers, diluents, orsolvents which are well known in the art. Such materials are describedin Arctander, Perfume and Flavour Chemicals (Aroma Chemicals), Vol. Iand II (1969).

Method of Manufacture

The compositions of the present invention may be made by methods knownin the art for formulating anhydrous compositions containing solubilizedantiperspirant active, or which are otherwise effective in formulatingsuch compositions. As will be apparent to those skilled in the art, theparticular method will be dependent upon the selection of the specifictypes and amounts of the components employed, as well as the desiredproduct form, e.g., solid, semi-solid, liquid, solution or suspension,finish product or manufacturing intermediate, etc.

The antiperspirant compositions of the present invention is preferablyprepared by combining in water or other suitable aqueous systemantiperspirant active (e.g., aluminum chlorohydrate, zirconyl hydroxychloride), neutral amino acid (e.g., glycine) and inorganic acid underthe appropriate process conditions, to thus produce an aqueouscomposition containing acid-activated antiperspirant active. Foracid-activation to occur, it is important that these ingredients, or atleast the inorganic acid and antiperspirant active, be combined in wateror other suitable aqueous system. Acid activation will not typicallyoccur outside an aqueous system. These ingredients are combined in thewater or aqueous system at temperatures below about 140° C., preferablyat temperatures of from about 20° C. to about 100° C., so that the addedantiperspirant active is rendered solubilized in the aqueous solution.Total antiperspirant active concentrations in the aqueous solutionduring processing will typically be less than about 60%, preferably fromabout 20% to about 50%, even more preferably from about 25% to about40%, by weight of the composition. The liquid polyol is then added tothe aqueous, acid-activated, solubilized antiperspirant active, solutionand then the resulting composition is subjected to any suitable waterremoval step or sequence to produce an anhydrous liquid containing thesolubilized, acid-enhanced, antiperspirant active.

Examples of methods of making anhydrous compositions containingantiperspirant active, including water removal steps suitable for useherein, are described in U.S. Pat. No. 4,781,917 (Luebbe et al.), U.S.Pat. No. 5,643,558 (Provancal et al.), and European Patent Application 0404 533 A1 (Smith et al.), which patents are incorporated herein byreference.

To formulate a solid or soft solid product, the antiperspirant active ispreferably dissolved or maintained as such by the addition of theselected polyol, neutral amino acid, and inorganic acid, and anyoptional liquid carriers or cosolvents at a processing temperature of upto about 130° C., typically at a temperature of from about 20° C. toabout 130° C. Optional suspending agents are added to the heatedmixture, and the heating process maintained until the heated liquidappears to be clear and homogenous, which will typically occur for mostcombinations at a temperature of between about 60° C. and about 130° C.The resulting clear liquid is then cooled or allowed to cool to betweenabout 40° C. and about 120° C., at which time any other optionalingredients are then added to and mixed with the cooled liquid. Theresulting liquid solution or mixture is then poured into containers andallowed to cool further and solidify to the desired product hardness.Alternatively, many of these optional ingredients can be added alongwith the liquid carriers during the initial heating sequence, or at anyother time that is suitable for such addition in order to manufacturethe desired product form.

To formulate an aerosol, roll-on or other liquid formulation, any knownor otherwise effective manufacturing or formulation method can be use toformulate the antiperspirant compositions in such product forms.

Nonlimiting examples of suitable methods for manufacturing theantiperspirant compositions of the present invention are also describedin U.S. Pat. No. 5,429,816 (Hofrichter et al.); U.S. Pat. No. 5,733,534(Sawin et al.); U.S. Pat. No. 5,605,681 (Trandai et al.); U.S. Pat. No.5,346,694 (Juneja); U.S. Pat. No. 5,298,236 (Orr et al.); and U.S. Pat.No. 5,718,890 (Putnam et al.), which descriptions are incorporatedherein be reference.

Method For Use

The antiperspirant composition of the present invention may be used as amanufacturing intermediate in formulating other antiperspirantcompositions, or it may be formulated in final form to be topicallyapplied to the axilla or other area of the skin in any known orotherwise effective method for controlling malodor associated withperspiration. These methods comprise applying to the axilla or otherarea of the human skin a safe and effective amount of the antiperspirantcomposition of the present invention. In this context, the term "safeand effective amount" means an amount of the antiperspirant compositiontopically applied to the skin which is effective in inhibiting orminimizing masking, perspiration at the site of application while alsobeing safe for human use at a reasonable risk/benefit ratio. In thiscontext, a safe and effective amount typically ranges from about 0.1gram per axilla to about 2.0 gram per axilla. The compositions arepreferably applied to the axilla or other area of the skin one or moretimes daily, preferably once daily.

EXAMPLES

The following Examples illustrate specific embodiments of theantiperspirant compositions of the present invention, including methodsof manufacture and use, but are not intended to be limiting thereof.Other modifications can be undertaken by the skilled artisan withoutdeparting from the spirit and scope of this invention.

The exemplified compositions are applied topically to the underarm in anamount effective to inhibit or prevent perspiration in humans, typicallyan amount which ranges from about 0.1 gram to about 2 grams per axilla.The applied compositions are effective in inhibiting perspiration fromthe applied areas, and have good skin feel characteristics during andafter application. The applied compositions are milder to the skin andcause little or no skin irritation. All exemplified amounts areweight-weight percents based on the total weight of the composition,unless otherwise specified.

The antiperspirant compositions of the present invention include finaland intermediate product forms, and such forms can have a wide range ofviscosity and physical characteristics depending on whether the productis in solid, semi-solid or liquid form, or is otherwise formulated as asolution, suspension, dispersion, etc. Nonlimiting working examples ofsome of these product forms are described hereinafter.

Example 1

In one embodiment of the present invention, an anhydrous antiperspirantcomposition is formulated by mixing under ambient temperatures in anaqueous system aluminum chlorohydrate (663 parts of about a 50% aqueoussolution, non-activated active, 12.7% Al, 8.0% Cl), zirconyl hydroxychloride (693 parts of about a 50% aqueous solution, 13.8% Zr, 5.6% Cl),glycine (60 parts) and AlCl₃.6 H₂ O (84 part 43.6% Cl) to form anaqueous solution containing acid-activated aluminum-zirconiumantiperspirant active. The resulting aqueous solution which now containsan acid-activated aluminum-zirconium antiperspirant active is mixedunder ambient temperatures with 1,2-hexanediol at a weight ratio of the1,2-hexandiol to the aqueous solution of 1.06. Water is then removedfrom the aqueous solution via vacuum distillation at a temperatureranging from about 20° C. to about 100° C. (temperature varies withselected distillation pressure). The resulting composition is ananhydrous composition of the present invention that comprises about31.7% by weight of activated aluminum zirconium antiperspirant active(calculated on an anhydrous, unbuffered basis), about 3.7% by weight ofglycine (calculated as part of an aluminum-zirconium complex), about 58%by weight of 1,2-hexanediol, and less than about 7% by weight of water,wherein the composition has a metal to chloride mole ratio of 1.2, analuminum to zirconium mole ratio of 3.3, a zirconium to chloride (inzirconyl hydroxy chloride) mole ratio of 1.0, a glycine to metal moleratio of 0.18, and a 1,2-hexanediol to metal mole ratio of 3. Theacid-activated aluminum-zirconium antiperspirant active remainssolubilized in the anhydrous composition.

The resulting composition is a clear or translucent, anhydrous liquidthat is used as a manufacturing intermediate to make other products oris used as a topical liquid delivered from an appropriate package, e.g.,roll-on applicator, by the application methods described herein.

Example 2

In yet another embodiment of the present invention, an anhydrousantiperspirant composition is formulated by mixing under ambienttemperatures in an aqueous system aluminum chlorohydrate (712 parts ofabout a 50% aqueous solution, non-activated active, 12.7% Al, 8.0% Cl),zirconyl hydroxy chloride (659 parts of about a 50% aqueous solution,13.8% Zr, 5.6% Cl)), glycine (61 parts) and HCl (68 parts of about a37.6% aqueous solution) to form an aqueous solution containingacid-activated aluminum-zirconium antiperspirant active. The resultingaqueous solution which now contains an acid-activated aluminum-zirconiumantiperspirant active is mixed under ambient temperatures with isopropylglycerol ether at a weight ratio of the isopropyl glycerol ether to theaqueous solution of 1.24. Water is then removed from the aqueoussolution via vacuum distillation at a temperature ranging from about 20°C. to about I00° C. (temperature varies with selected distillationpressure).

The resulting composition is an anhydrous composition of the presentinvention that comprises about 25.8% by weight of activated aluminumzirconium antiperspirant active (calculated on an anhydrous, unbufferedbasis), about 3.2% by weight of glycine (calculated as part of analuminum-zirconium complex), about 64% by weight of isopropyl glycerolether, and less than about 7% by weight of water,, wherein thecomposition has a metal to chloride mole ratio of 1.29-1.30, an aluminumto zirconium mole ratio of 3.4, a zirconium to chloride (in zirconylhydroxy chloride) mole ratio of 1.0, a glycine to metal mole ratio of0.18, and a isopropyl glyercerol ether to metal mole ratio of 3. Theacid-activated aluminum-zirconium antiperspirant active remainssolubilized in the anhydrous composition.

The resulting composition is a clear or translucent, anhydrous liquidthat is used as a manufacturing intermediate to make other products oris used as a topical liquid delivered from an appropriate package, e.g.,roll-on applicator, by the application methods described herein.

What is claimed is:
 1. An anhydrous antiperspirant compositioncomprising:A) from about 0.1% to about 99.9% by weight of a liquidpolyol having at least 4 adjacent carbon atoms and at least two hydroxylgroups, wherein 2 of the hydroxyl groups are attached to the α and βcarbons of the liquid polyol and no more than 4 of the hydroxyl groupsare attached to adjacent carbon atoms, and wherein the liquid polyol hasa C log P value of from about -4.0 to about 2.0; B) from about 0.1% toabout 50% by weight of solubilized antiperspirant active selected fromaluminum containing antiperspirant active and aluminum-zirconiumcontaining antiperspirant active; C) a water-soluble, neutral aminoacid; and D) a chlorine-containing inorganic acid;wherein the mole ratioof the neutral amino acid to the zirconium and aluminum is from about0.09 to about 0.24, the mole ratio of the liquid polyol to the aluminumand zirconium is at least about 2.0:1, and the mole ratio of thezirconium and aluminum to chlorine is less than about 1.30:1.
 2. Theanhydrous antiperspirant composition of claim 1 wherein the watersoluble amino acid is glycine.
 3. The antiperspirant composition ofclaim 1 wherein the antiperspirant active is an aluminum-containingantiperspirant active, and the chlorine-containing inorganic acid isselected from the group consisting of aluminum chloride, hydrochloricacid and combinations thereof.
 4. The antiperspirant composition ofclaim 3 wherein the antiperspirant active is selected from the groupconsisting of aluminum containing active, aluminum-zirconium containingactive, and thereof, wherein the mole ratio of the liquid polyols to thealuminum and zirconium is at least about 2.0:1.
 5. The antiperspirantcomposition of claim 4 wherein the mole ratio of the liquid polyol tothe aluminum and zirconium is at least about 3.0:1.
 6. Theantiperspirant composition of claim 1 wherein the liquid polyol has fromabout 4 to about 8 adjacent carbon atoms.
 7. The antiperspirantcomposition of claim 1 wherein the liquid polyol is a 1,2 alkyl diolhaving from about 4 to about 8 adjacent carbon atoms.
 8. Theantiperspirant composition of claim 1 wherein the liquid polyolcomprises a glycerol ether selected from the group consisting ofglycerol isopropyl ether, glycerol propyl ether, glycerol ethyl ether,glycerol methyl ether, glycerol butyl ether, glycerol isopentyl ether,diglycerol isopropyl ether, diglycerol isobutyl ether, diglycerol,triglycerol, triglycerol isopropyl ether, and combinations thereof. 9.The antiperspirant composition of claim 8 wherein the liquid polyol isisopropyl glycerol ether.
 10. The antiperspirant composition of claim 7wherein the 1,2-alkyl diol is selected from the group consisting of1,2-butanediol; 1,2-pentanediol; 4-methyl-1,2-pentanediol;2-methyl-1,2-pentanediol; 3,3-methyl-1,2-butanediol;4-methyl-1,2-hexanediol; 1,2-heptanediol; 2-phenyl-1,2-propanediol;1,2-glycerin; 1,2,4-butanetriol; 1,2,6-hexanetriol, and combinationsthereof.
 11. The antiperspirant composition of claim 1 wherein theliquid polyol is selected from the group consisting of acetic acidglycerol ester, propanoic acid glycerol ester, butanoic acid glycerolester, 3-methyl butanoic acid glycerol ester and3-trimethylsily-1,2-propane diol and combinations thereof.
 12. Theantiperspirant composition of claim 1 wherein the ClogP value is fromabout -2.0 to about 1.0.
 13. The antiperspirant composition of claim 12wherein the ClogP value is from about -1.0 to about 0.5.
 14. Thecomposition of claim 9 wherein the composition contains from about 5% toabout 80% by weight of isopropyl glycerol ether.
 15. The antiperspirantcomposition of claim 1 wherein the composition comprises from about 0.1%to about 35% by weight of the solubilized antiperspirant active.
 16. Theantiperspirant composition of claim 1 wherein the composition is visiblyclear or translucent at 25° C.
 17. The antiperspirant composition ofclaim 1 wherein the composition further comprises about 10% to about 90%by weight of a volatile silicone.
 18. The antiperspirant composition ofclaim 17 wherein the composition further comprises a nonvolatilesilicone.
 19. The antiperspirant composition of claim 1 wherein thecomposition contains less than 5% by weight of water.
 20. Theantiperspirant composition of claim 1 wherein the solubilizedantiperspirant active is selected from the group consisting of aluminumsalts, zirconium salts, and combinations thereof.
 21. The antiperspirantcomposition of claim 1 wherein the composition further comprises asuspending or thickening agent.
 22. A method of controlling malodorassociated with perspiration comprising the topical application to theaxillary area of an effective amount of the antiperspirant compositionof claim
 1. 23. An anhydrous antiperspirant composition comprising:A)from about 5% to about 80% by weight of a isopropyl glycerol ether; B)from about 5% to about 20% by weight of solubilized antiperspirantactive selected from the group consisting of aluminum containingmaterial, aluminum-zirconium materials, and combinations thereof; C)less than 5% by weight of water; D) a water-soluble, neutral amino acid;and E) an acid selected from the group consisting of aluminum chloride,hydrochloric acid, and combinations thereof;wherein the mole ratio ofthe neutral amino acid to the zirconium and aluminum is from about 0.09to about 0.24, the mole ratio of the isopropyl glycerol ether to thealuminum and zirconium is at least about 2.0:1, and the mole ratio ofthe zirconium and aluminum to chlorine is less than about 1.30:1. 24.The anhydrous antiperspirant composition of claim 23 wherein the watersoluble amino acid is glycine.
 25. The antiperspirant composition ofclaim 23 wherein the mole ratio isopropyl glycerol ether to the aluminumand zirconium is at least about 2.0:1.
 26. The antiperspirantcomposition of claim 23 wherein the mole ratio of the isopropyl gylcerolether to the aluminum and zirconium is at least about 3.0:1.
 27. Theantiperspirant composition of claim 23 wherein the composition furthercomprises from about 0.1% to about 35% by weight of a suspending orthickening agent and from about 10% to about 90% by weight of a volatilesilicone.
 28. An anhydrous antiperspirant composition comprising:A) fromabout 0.1% to about 50% by weight of solubilized antiperspirant activeselected from the group consisting of aluminum containing materials,aluminum-zirconium containing materials, and combinations thereof; B)from about 0.1% to about 99.9% by weight of a liquid polyol having atleast two hydroxyl groups, wherein 2 of the hydroxyl groups are attachedto the α and β carbons of the liquid polyol and no more than 4 of thehydroxyl groups are attached to adjacent carbon atoms, wherein theliquid polyol has a C log P value of from about -4.0 to about 2.0, andwherein the liquid polyol has a general formula selected from the groupconsisting of: ##STR7## and combinations thereof; wherein R, R₁ and R₃are selected from the group consisting of substituted or unsubstituted,branch or straight or cyclic, saturated or unsaturated, alkyl groups,and combinations thereof; C) a water-soluble, neutral amino acid; and D)a chlorine-containing inorganic acid;wherein the mole ratio of theneutral amino acid to the zirconium and aluminum is from about 0.09 toabout 0.24, the mole ratio of the liquid polyol to the aluminum andzirconium is at least about 2.0:1, and the mole ratio of the zirconiumand aluminum to chlorine is less than about 1.30:1.
 29. The anhydrousantiperspirant composition of claim 28 wherein the water soluble aminoacid is glycine.
 30. The antiperspirant composition of claim 28 whereinthe mole ratio of liquid polyol to the aluminum and zirconium is atleast about 3.0:1.
 31. The antiperspirant composition of claim 28wherein the liquid polyol conforms to formula (i) wherein R is selectedfrom the group consisting of ethyl, and alkyl groups having from 4 to 6carbon atoms.
 32. The antiperspirant composition of claim 28 wherein theliquid polyol is an alkyl diol that conforms to formula (ii) wherein R₁is selected from the group consisting of methyl, and alkyl groups havingfrom 3 to 5 carbon atoms.
 33. The antiperspirant composition of claim 28wherein the liquid polyol is a glycerol ether that conforms to formula(iii) wherein R₃ is an alkyl group having from 1 to 5 carbon atoms. 34.The antiperspirant composition of claim 28 wherein thechlorine-containing inorganic acid is selected from the group consistingof aluminum chloride, hydrochloric acid and combinations thereof.